Modules Within A File

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Modules are a way to organize code within a file. They allow you to group related code together and make it easier to manage. Below is an example of a module declared within a file.

mod math {
    fun gcd(a: Int, b: Int): Int {
        if b == 0 {
            return a;
        }
        return gcd(b, a % b);
    }
}

println(math.gcd(12, 18)); // Output: 6

In the example above, we have a module called math that contains a function gcd which calculates the greatest common divisor of two numbers. We can access the gcd function by using the module name followed by a dot and the function name.

Modules Across Files

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Modules can also be imported from other files. You can do this with the mod keyword followed by the filename.

fun gcd(a: Int, b: Int): Int {
    if b == 0 {
        return a;
    }
    return gcd(b, a % b);
}

mod math;

println(math.gcd(12, 18)); // Output: 6

Importing Items From Modules

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You can import items from modules using the from and import keywords. Below is an example of importing the gcd function from the math module.

mod math {
    fun gcd(a: Int, b: Int): Int {
        if b == 0 {
            return a;
        }
        return gcd(b, a % b);
    }
}

from math import gcd;
println(gcd(12, 18)); // Output: 6

You may also import all items from a module using the * wildcard.

mod math {
    fun gcd(a: Int, b: Int): Int {
        if b == 0 {
            return a;
        }
        return gcd(b, a % b);
    }
}

from math import *;
println(gcd(12, 18)); // Output: 6

Renaming Imported Items

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You can rename imported items using the as keyword. Below is an example of importing the gcd function from the math module and renaming it to greatest_common_divisor.

mod math {
    fun gcd(a: Int, b: Int): Int {
        if b == 0 {
            return a;
        }
        return gcd(b, a % b);
    }
}

from math import gcd as greatest_common_divisor;
println(greatest_common_divisor(12, 18)); // Output: 6